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近日一个色航导网站,有件新闻启动在江湖斯文传——金庸的“射雕”三部曲行将被译为英文。来岁2月份《射雕勇士传》的第一卷将要登陆英伦。
金庸,原名查良镛,英文名Louis Cha。1924年生于浙江海宁。金庸也曾和双语君同样,亦然又名新绅士。1946年,他干预杭州《东南日报》,负责收听英语的外洋新闻播送,翻译、编写外洋新闻稿。后又干预上海《大公报》,随后调往香港。1952年在《新晚报》裁剪副刊,并于1959年于香港创办《明报》。
金庸大侠自上世纪五十年代启动创作武侠演义,他笔下“飞雪连天射白鹿,笑书神侠倚碧鸳”的故事早已传遍华夏,但是西域读者大多只闻其名,未读其书,因为翻译金庸的武侠演义委果太难。
波士顿大学相比体裁系熏陶Petrus Liu在最近一篇《石英》杂志(Quartz)的报说念中说:
“Translating Jin Yong is often a daunting task because of the complexity of his language, which integrates prose and poetry and makes extensive use of ‘four-character phrases’ and other Chinese idioms in order to recreate the ‘feel’ of traditional Chinese vernacular novels.”“翻译金庸令东说念主生畏。为了营造中国传统演义的嗅觉,他的言语复杂,作品里混合诗歌,还无数使用四字谚语和民间俗话。”
该报说念还给西方读者先容了金庸演义中极难翻译的词,比如“江湖”:
The characters in Cha’s world — who have colorful names like the “Seven Freaks of the South” — operate in what is known as the jianghu, a term that is familiar to Chinese speakers and any reader of wuxia fiction but difficult to translate into English. The word literally translates as “rivers and lakes,” but is typically used to mean people who live in a world parallel to conventional society, one that operates by its own laws and code of ethics. It is closely linked to another wuxia term, the wulin, or “martial arts forest,” referring to a community of people practicing martial arts.金庸演义中东说念主物的名字极富特质,比如“江南七怪(Seven Freaks of the South)”等,这些东说念主行走在 “江湖”之中。中国读者老练的“江湖”,字面风趣为“江和湖”,但其意蕴很难翻译成英文,因为它常用来示意和古代传统社会平行存在的社会环境,其糊口章程和说念德自成一片。“江湖”和“武林”喜忧关系,后者指代会武功的东说念主构成的群体。
要用英语原汁原味规复金庸的格调极其繁重,天然也有一些译者尝试,但崇拜出书的英文版未几。此前崇拜出书的译本有:
《雪山飞狐》Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain
这本金庸于1959年启动连载的演义,由在香港城市大学熏陶翻译的莫锦屏(Olivia Mok)翻译一个色航导网站,在1993年出书。
《鹿鼎记》The Deer and the Cauldron
这本金庸的封笔之作由曾翻译过《红楼梦》的英国汉学家闵福德(John Minford)翻译。译分内为三卷,离别于1997年,2000年,2002年出书。
《书剑恩怨录》The Book and the Sword
《书剑恩怨录》是金庸先生的第一部武侠演义,由英国记者、作者晏格文(Graham Earnshaw)翻译,2004年出书。
此次的“射雕”三部曲的首部《射雕勇士传》第一卷依然译出,正在进行终末阶段的校对,将由英国的MacLehose Press在来岁2月出书,现在依然在亚马逊上启动预售,纸质版的价钱是14.99英镑。
《射雕勇士传》被译为Legends of the Condor Heroes;《神雕侠侣》被译为Divine Condor, Errant Knight;《倚天屠龙记》则是Heaven Sword, Dragon Sabre。
《射雕勇士传》第一卷的译者是个可儿的英国女孩Anna Holmwood,汉文名郝玉青。
欧美伦理片
郝玉青的父亲是英国东说念主,母亲是瑞典东说念主,她的母语是英文,自小又向母亲学瑞典语。本科时,她在牛津大学读历史。2005年的暑假她参加了一个来中国游学的阵势。在邮件采访中,她回忆说念:
“I already had an interest in China and Chinese history, but that trip proved to be formative for me. After two months seeing China from north to south and east to west, I came away feeling that the only way I would satisfy my curiosity about the country, its people and the culture would be to learn Chinese.”“我在此之前就对中国与中国历史感酷爱,但是那次旅行关于我(学汉文)起了决定性影响。两个月间我游遍了中国的东南西北。离开的本事我念念,只须一种顺次能知足我对中国、中国东说念主与中国文化的好奇心,那等于学汉文!”
回到牛津后,她选拔了攻读现代中国磋议标的的硕士,启动费力学习汉语,并先其后北京大学、台湾师范大学作念交换生,毕业后就一直致力于向西方读者引进中国作品的责任。
在台北学习时,郝玉青和一又友去敦化南路诚品书店,看到了一个书架摆放的齐是金庸的演义,于是便买了一册汉文版的《鹿鼎记》。初读时她感到极度纠结,但是随后便渐渐入迷了。
郝玉青发轫翻译《射雕勇士传》是2012年,她花了几个礼拜试译了一部分发给了MacLehose出书社。出书社的裁剪看了极度可爱,况且惊喜地发现这本书尚未出书过英译本。于是签下了这三部曲的英文版权,规划改日一年出一册。
现在《射雕勇士传》的第一册依然翻译完成,郝玉青说,频频东说念主们齐认为最难翻译的部分是那些武功招数的称呼,但她以为那不是最关节的。
“A lot of people are curious about the way I have translated the names of moves or elements of martial arts, but these aren't really the most crucial features of whether or not a translation is successful.”好多东说念主齐很好奇我是奈何翻译那些武功招数的称呼,但这些其实不是决定一个译文是否告捷的最关节身分。
“It’s all about whether the English reader will be drawn into the emotions and the characters, that he or she will be amazed by the prowess of the fighting or caught up in the political intrigues.”迫切的是译文能否让英语读者被书中的厚谊和东说念主物劝诱,能否让读者被超凡脱俗的武打所震憾,能否将书中的贪念阴谋翻得扣东说念主心弦。
那么郝玉青的译文究竟是奈何样的呢?
咱们从出书社要到了样书,给公共共享一段,这是郭靖与女扮男装的黄蓉第一次流露:
A northerly wind was blowing fierce as they left the inn. The boy shivered. “My sincerest gratitude. Farewell.”出得店来,朔风扑面。那少年似觉阴寒,缩了缩头颈,说说念:“叨扰了,相遇罢。”
But Guo Jing could not stand to see the boy head into such a cold night wearing such scant clothing. He placed his black sable coat on the boy’s shoulders. “Brother, I feel as if I’ve known you my whole life. Take this against the wind.”郭靖见他衣衫单薄,心下不忍,当下脱下狗尾续裘,披在他身上,说说念:“昆玉,你我一见照旧,请把这件一稔穿了去。”
He slipped two ingots of gold into one of the pockets, leaving himself two more for his journey. The boy left without even saying thank you, and began to trudge against the weather, before turning around for one last look.他身边尚剩下四锭黄金,取出两锭,放在狗尾续裘的袋中。那少年也不说念谢,披了狗尾续裘,飘关联词去。那少年走出数十步,回过火来。
Guo Jing was standing beside his bridled horse, watching him. The young man waved and Guo Jing ran over to him. “Does my brother need anything?”见郭靖手牵着红马,站在长街上兀自望着我方,呆呆出神,知他舍不得就此离别,向他招了招手。郭靖快步当年,说念:“贤弟可还衰败甚么?”
“I didn’t ask you your name,” he said and smiled. “Yes, we forgot. My family name is Guo, my given name Jing, meaning Serenity. And you?” “My family name is Huang, my given name Rong, meaning Lotus.”那少年微微一笑,说念:“还没求教兄长高名大姓。”郭靖笑说念:”的确的,这倒忘了。我姓郭名靖。昆玉你呢?”那少年说念:“我姓黄,单名一个蓉字。”
注:译文仍在校对智力,非最终版块。
粗读郝玉青的译本,我感到其译文是畅达的,但有些汉文的韵味还是没能用英文传达。而有些原文莫得的滋味,又不行幸免地被英文夹带了进来,就好比在江湖武林中约摸看到些魔兽宇宙的影子:
飞天蝙蝠柯镇恶是Ke Zhen’e, Suppressor of Evil;
黑风双煞中里的陈玄风是Hurricane Chen;
梅超风则是Cyclone Mei;
东邪黄药师叫作念The Eastern Heretic Apothecary Huang;
九阴白骨爪译作Nine Yin Skeleton Claw。
无怪乎郝玉青在本书的译者序中写说念:
Many have considered Jin Yong’s world too foreign, too Chinese for an English-speaking readership. Impossible to translate. And yet this story of love, loyalty, honor and the power of the individual against successive corrupt governments and invading forces is as universal as any story could hope to be. The greatest loss that can occur in translation can only come from not translating it at all.东说念主们认为金庸的宇宙关于英语读者来说,异地风范太浓了,太中国了。译不了。但这个故事里的爱、衷心、荣耀、对恶臭官府和入侵者的反抗又是每一个故事齐渴慕领有的。不译,才是最大的亏空。
作者:邢奕一个色航导网站